Statutes

The following statutes and cases provide the foundation for commercial enforcement, remedies, and accountability under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) and U.S. law.

Statutes

• UCC § 3-501 — Presentment
  Defines the demand for payment or acceptance.
  Cornell LII – UCC 3-501

• UCC § 3-502 — Dishonor
  Explains when and how an instrument is dishonored.
  Cornell LII – UCC 3-502

• UCC § 3-505 — Evidence of Dishonor
  Establishes valid proof of dishonor.
  Cornell LII – UCC 3-505

• UCC § 3-305 — Claims and Defenses
  Rights of the holder and limitations on defenses after default.
  Cornell LII – UCC 3-305

• UCC § 9-601 — Rights After Default
  Enforcement rights of secured parties once default occurs.
  Cornell LII – UCC 9-601

• UCC § 9-609 — Secured Party’s Right to Take Possession
  Authorizes repossession or control of collateral after default.
  Cornell LII – UCC 9-609

• UCC § 9-625 — Remedies for Secured Party
  Provides damages and penalties for wrongful default or enforcement.
  Cornell LII – UCC 9-625

Case Law

• Clearfield Trust Co. v. United States, 318 U.S. 363 (1943)
  Once the government enters commerce, it acts as any private party and loses sovereign immunity.

• Ex parte Milligan, 71 U.S. 2 (1866)
  Civilians cannot be subjected to military or emergency jurisdiction while civil courts are open.

• Erie R. Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64 (1938)
  Established the primacy of state law in diversity jurisdiction, limiting “federal common law.”

• Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803)
  Courts are bound to uphold law and cannot bypass their duty to decide cases.

Purpose

• This Table of Authorities is not academic. It is the rulebook of enforcement. Every notice, affidavit, and ledger entry logged on this site is supported by these statutes and cases.

• Where corporations and agencies dishonor, the law speaks for itself.